韩愈的《师说》英文版，你脑洞开了吗？
韩愈的《师说》，曾经是文言文中的经典，相信大部分同学都背诵过。可是，你可曾想过它变成英语的样子?今天，就带你脑洞大开一下，一起瞅瞅英文版韩愈的《师说》。
古之学者必有师。师者，所以传道受业解惑也。人非生而知之者，孰能无惑?惑而不从师，其为惑也，终不解矣。生乎吾前，其闻道也，固先乎吾，吾从而师之;生乎吾后，其闻道也，亦先乎吾，吾从而师之。吾师道也，夫庸知其年之先后生于吾乎?是故无贵无贱，无长无少，道之所存，师之所存也。
In ancient times those who wanted to learn would seek out a teacher, one who could propagate the doctrine, impart professional knowledge，and resolve doubts.Since no one is born omniscient， who can claim to have no doubts? If one has doubts and is not willing to learn from a teacher, his doubts will never be resolved. Anyone who was born before me and learned the doctrine before me is my teacher.Anyone who was born after me and learned the doctrine before me is also my teacher.Since what I desire to learn is the doctrine, why should I care whether he was born before or after me? Therefore，it does not matter whether a person is high or low in position, young or old in age.Where there is the doctrine, there is my teacher.
嗟乎!师道之不传也久矣，欲人之无惑也难矣。古之圣人，其出人也远矣，犹且从师而问焉;今之众人，其下圣人也亦远矣，而耻学于师。是故圣益圣，愚益愚。圣人之所以为圣，愚人之所以为愚，其皆出于此乎?
Alas!The tradition of learning from the teacher has long been neglected. Thus it is difficult to find a person without any doubts at all.Ancient sages, who far surpassed us, even learned from their teachers.People today, who are far inferior to them, regard learning from the teacher as a disgrace.Thus, wise men become more wise and unlearned men become more foolish.This explains what makes a wise man and what makes a foolish man.
爱其子，择师而教之;于其身也，则耻师焉，惑矣。彼童子之师，授之书而习其句读者，非吾所谓传其道、解其惑者也。句读之不知，惑之不解，或师焉，或不焉，小学而大遗，吾未见其明也。巫医、乐师、百工之人，不耻相师。士大夫之族，曰“师”曰“弟子”云者，则群聚而笑之。问之，则曰：彼与彼年相若也，道相似也， 位卑则足羞，官盛则近谀。呜呼!师道之不复，可知矣。 巫医、乐师、百工之人，君子不齿，今其智乃反不能及，其可怪也欤!
It is absurd that a person would choose a teacher for his son out of his love for him, and yet refuse to learn from the teacher himself, thinking it a disgrace to do so.The teacher of his son teaches the child only reading and punctuation， which is not propagating the doctrine or resolving doubts as the aforementioned.I don't think it wise to learn from the teacher when one doesn't know how to punctuate， but not when one has doubts unresolved, for that I find to be the folly of learning in small matters, but neglecting the big ones.Even medicine men, musicians and handicraftsmen do not think it disgraceful to learn from each other. When one of the literati and officialdom calls another man his "teacher"and himself his "student" people will get together and invariably laugh at him.If you ask them why they are laughing, they will say that since he is almost of the same age and as erudite as another man, it would be degrading for him to call the other man "teacher" if the other man"s social rank is lower than his; and it would be flattering if the other man"s social rank is higher. Alas! It is clear that the tradition of learning from the teacher can no longer be restored.Medicine men， musicians and handicraftsmen are despised by the gentlemen.How strange it is that gentlemen are less wise than these people!
圣人无常师。孔子师郯子、苌弘、师襄、老聃。郯子之徒，其贤不及孔子。孔子曰“三人行，则必有我师。”是故弟子不必不如师，师不必贤于弟子。闻道有先后，术业有专攻，如是而已。
The ancient sages did not limit themselves to particular teachers.Confucius had learned from people like Tanzi, Changhong, Shixiang, and Laodan, who were not as virtuous and talented as Confucius.Confucius said "If three men are walking together， one of them is bound to be good enough to be my teacher."A student is not necessarily inferior to his teacher, nor does a teacher necessarily be more virtuous and talented than his student.The real fact is that one might have learned the doctrine earlier than the other, or might be a master in his own special field.
李氏子蟠，年十七，好古文，六艺经传皆通习之，不拘于时，学于余。余嘉其能行古道，作《师说》以贻之。
Pan， the son of Li's family， who is only seventeen years old, loves to study Chinese classics of the Qin and Han dynasties, and masters the six jing6 and their annotations.He does not follow conventions and is willing to learn from me. I appreciate his ability to act in accordance with the old tradition of learning.Therefore I dedicate this piece to him.
猜你喜欢唐代古诗词
国子先生晨入太学，招诸生立馆下，诲之曰：“业精于勤，立于嬉；行成于思，毁于随。方今圣贤相逢，治具毕张。拔去凶邪，登崇畯良。占小善者率以录，名一艺者无不庸。爬罗剔抉，刮垢磨光。盖有幸而获选，孰云多而不扬？诸生业患不能精，无患有司之不明；行患不能成，无患有司之不公。”
言未既，有笑于列者曰：“先生欺余哉！弟子事先生，于兹有年矣。先生口不绝吟于六艺之文，手不停披于百家之编。纪事者必提其要，纂言者必钩其玄。贪多务得，细大不捐。焚膏油以继晷，恒兀兀以穷年。先生之业，可谓勤矣。
觝排异端，攘斥佛老。补苴罅漏，张皇幽眇。寻坠绪之茫茫，独旁搜而远绍。障百川而东之，回狂澜于既倒。先生之于儒，可谓有劳矣。
沉浸醲郁，含英咀华，作为文章，其书满家。上规姚姒，浑浑无涯；周诰、殷《盘》，佶屈聱牙；《春秋》谨严，《左氏》浮夸；《易》奇而法，《诗》正而葩；下逮《庄》、《骚》，太史所录；子云，相如，同工异曲。先生之于文，可谓闳其中而肆其外矣。
少始知学，勇于敢为；长通于方，左右具宜。先生之于为人，可谓成矣。
然而公不见信于人，私不见助于友。跋前踬后，动辄得咎。暂为御史，遂窜南夷。三年博士，冗不见治。命与仇谋，取败几时。冬暖而儿号寒，年丰而妻啼饥。头童齿豁，竟死何裨。不知虑此，而反教人为？”
先生曰：“吁，子来前！夫大木为杗，细木为桷，欂栌、侏儒，椳、闑、扂、楔，各得其宜，施以成室者，匠氏之工也。玉札、丹砂，赤箭、青芝，牛溲、马勃，败鼓之皮，俱收并蓄，待用无遗者，医师之良也。登明选公，杂进巧拙，纡馀为妍，卓荦为杰，校短量长，惟器是适者，宰相之方也。昔者孟轲好辩，孔道以明，辙环天下，卒老于行。荀卿守正，大论是弘，逃谗于楚，废死兰陵。是二儒者，吐辞为经，举足为法，绝类离伦，优入圣域，其遇于世何如也？今先生学虽勤而不繇其统，言虽多而不要其中，文虽奇而不济于用，行虽修而不显于众。犹且月费俸钱，岁靡廪粟；子不知耕，妇不知织；乘马从徒，安坐而食。踵常途之役役，窥陈编以盗窃。然而圣主不加诛，宰臣不见斥，兹非其幸欤？动而得谤，名亦随之。投闲置散，乃分之宜。若夫商财贿之有亡，计班资之崇庳，忘己量之所称，指前人之瑕疵，是所谓诘匠氏之不以杙为楹，而訾医师以昌阳引年，欲进其豨苓也。
七月三日，将仕郎、守国子四门博士韩愈，谨奉书尚书阁门。
士之能享大名、显当世者，莫不有先达之士、负天门之望者为之前焉。士之能垂休光、照后世者，亦莫不有后进之士、负天门之望者，为之后焉。莫为之前，虽美而不彰；莫为之后，虽盛而不传。是二人者，未始不相须也。
然而千百载乃一相遇焉。岂上之人无可援、门之人无可推欤？何其相须之殷而相遇之疏也？其故在门之人负其能不肯谄其上，上之人负其位不肯顾其门。故高材多戚戚之穷，盛位无赫赫之光。是二人者之所为皆过也。未尝干之，不可谓上无其人；未尝求之，不可谓门无其人。愈之诵此言久矣，未尝敢以闻于人。
侧闻阁门抱不世之才，特立而独行，道方而事实，卷舒不随乎时，文武唯其所用，岂愈所谓其人哉？抑未闻后进之士，有遇知于左右、获礼于门门者，岂求之而未得邪？将志存乎立功，而事专乎报主，虽遇其人，未暇礼邪？何其宜闻而久不闻也？愈虽不才，其自处不敢后于恒人，阁门将求之而未得欤？古人有言：“请自隗始。”愈今者惟朝夕刍米、仆赁之资是急，不过费阁门一朝之享而足也。如曰：“吾志存乎立功，而事专乎报主。虽遇其人，未暇礼焉。”则非愈之所敢知也。世之龊龊者，既不足以语之；磊落奇伟之人，又不能听焉。则信乎命之穷也！
谨献旧所为文一十八首，如赐览观，亦足知其志之所存。愈恐惧再拜。
